Bumla Pass, Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh

Bumla Pass Tawang: History, Permits & How to Visit This Border Gem:

Bumla Pass is a significant border pass located in the Tawang district of Arunachal Pradesh, India, situated at an elevation of approximately 15,200 feet (about 4,600 meters) above sea level. It serves as a crucial point along the Indo-China border and is notable for its historical and strategic importance. It is a border pass between China's Tsona County in Tibet and India's Tawang district in Arunachal Pradesh.

Where is Bumla Pass Located?

Bumla Pass is located 37 km away from the town of Tawang in India's Tawang district and 43 km from the town of Tsona Dzong in China's Tsona County. The pass currently serves as a trading point between Arunachal Pradesh and Tibet. It is also an agreed Border Personnel Meeting point for the security forces of China and India. 

Bumla Pass Height

The height of Bumla Pass is approximately 15,200 feet (4,633 meters) above sea level, making it one of the highest motorable passes in the world. Its altitude and rugged terrain make it both breathtaking and challenging to visit. 

History of Bumla Pass: 

Dalai Lama's Escape Route (1959): Bumla Pass became historically significant when the 14th Dalai Lama used this route to escape from Tibet to India during the Chinese invasion. This incident added to the mystique and interest in the location.
1962 Sino-Indian War: The road to Bum La is also a historical route, the People's Liberation Army of China invaded India during the 1962 Sino-Indian War. Here in Bum La Pass one of the fiercest battles, the Battle of Bum La Pass, took place in the 1962 Sino-Indian War.

Strategic Military Location:

India-China Border Post: Bumla is an important pass on the India-China border, and the Indian Army maintains a presence there. The area is subject to regular flag meetings between Indian and Chinese military officials, and these peaceful diplomatic engagements intrigue many tourists.
Restricted but Accessible: Though located in a sensitive area, the Indian government allows tourists to visit under strict military supervision, making it a controlled yet accessible spot for visitors who are fascinated by such geopolitical zones.

Development as a Tourist Destination: 

Tawang's Growing Tourism: Tawang, a major tourist hub in Arunachal Pradesh, has seen increased tourism, and Bumla Pass is one of the prime attractions for visitors exploring the region. The local tourism department and the Indian Army have worked together to develop infrastructure that allows safe and organized travel to the pass.
Permission and Accessibility: With the development of roads, obtaining special permits through the District Collector's Office in Tawang has become a more streamlined process, making the visit to Bumla more feasible for tourists.

Places to visit near Bumla Pass: 

Indo-China Border Personnel Meeting (BPM) Point: Bumla Pass is one of the four officially agreed BPM points between the Indian Army and China's People's Liberation Army, facilitating regular consultations and interactions between the two forces.
Sangestar Tso Lake: Located nearby, this picturesque lake is often referred to as "Madhuri Lake" due to its appearance in a Bollywood film. It adds to the scenic beauty of the area.
Heap of Stones Monument: Visitors often place pebbles at this monument as a tribute to Indian soldiers guarding the border. This act symbolizes respect and gratitude for their service

Cultural and Spiritual Appeal:

Buddhist Influence: Being in the Tawang region, which is culturally rich in Buddhist heritage, Bumla adds a spiritual and cultural dimension to the visit, especially for those interested in Tibetan Buddhism and its history.

All these factors have contributed to Bumla Pass evolving into a popular tourist spot, attracting travelers for its unique blend of history, adventure, and natural beauty.

Documents that you need to carry for Bumla Pass:

To visit the Bumla Pass, which is on the China/Tibet border, you'll need a special permit from the defense, as well as an Inner Line Permit (ILP)
You need to hire a local SUV to reach Bumla Pass from the city, as the road is challenging. Also, a permit from the Office of the Deputy Commissioner and then the Indian Army cantonment of Tawang is required. You will not be allowed to pass the checkpoint without having an army stamp.

Inner Line Permit (ILP) for Arunachal Pradesh:

This permit is required for Indian citizens from outside of Arunachal Pradesh to enter the state. You can get an ILP from the Secretary (Political), Government of Arunachal Pradesh, or from the respective Deputy Commissioner and Additional Deputy Commissioner of the Districts. You can also get an ILP from the Resident Commissioner's office or Deputy Resident Commissioner & Liaison Offices. You can also get an ILP at Guwahati Airport.

Special permit from the defense: This permit requires an ID with a clear address and photo, as well as two passport photos

Vehicle Facility: Arunachal Pradesh falls under restricted area, official permission is required to enter the state, and therefore the visitors other than natives of Arunachal Pradesh are required to obtain an Inner Line Permit (ILP) to enter Arunachal Pradesh. Tourist vehicles are not allowed to go there, and hence we will book a special cab from Tawang. The journey takes you along the scenic glacier lakes straight to the Indo-China border post.

Important: Indian tourists need a special permit and must visit with a local driver — solo driving is not allowed. Foreign tourists are generally not permitted due to security reasons.

Tip: Combine your Bumla Pass visit with Sangestar Tso (Madhuri Lake), which is on the same route — it makes for a perfect day trip from Tawang. 

Best time to visit Bumla Pass:

The optimal time for visiting is during the spring summer months from March to October, when the weather is relatively clear, the skies are mostly free of heavy snowfall, and the roads are accessible.

March to May (Spring/Summer): Pleasant weather, blooming valleys, and clearer roads make it an ideal time.

June to September (Monsoon): It can be risky due to heavy rains and landslides — always check local advisories.

October: Early winter is beautiful with crisp air and clear views before heavy snow sets in.

Winter Note: From November to February, the pass often gets heavy snow, and the roads may be closed or extremely challenging — it’s not recommended unless conditions are verified locally and you’re prepared for extreme cold.

The road to the pass is treacherous, necessitating the use of SUVs for safe travel.  

Tip: Always confirm the road status and weather forecast with your local host or tour operator in Tawang before planning a day trip to Bumla Pass.

No Photography Policy: Due to security concerns, photography is restricted in sensitive areas, particularly at the border itself

Distance from Tawang to Bumla Pass: The distance from Tawang to Bumla Pass is about 35 kms and it takes about 1.5 hours one way.

Quick Facts at a Glance

• Bumla Pass Height: ~15,200 ft (4,633 m)
• Bumla Pass Temperature (Winter): -10°C to -15°C
• Bumla Pass Temperature (Summer): 5°C to 10°C 

Where to stay in Tawang?

There are many good homestays in Tawang which is comfortable and you also get to expreience local hospitality. You can read our blog about best homestays in Tawang to choose the right homestay according to your requirements.

Conclusion:

Visiting Bumla Pass offers a rare and unforgettable experience, where the convergence of history, adventure, and breathtaking natural beauty unfolds at one of India's highest and most strategic locations. Its historical significance as the Dalai Lama's escape route, the site of key events during the Indo-China conflict, and a hub of ongoing military diplomacy adds depth to the journey. Coupled with its stunning high-altitude scenery, serene lakes, and the nearby spiritual haven of Tawang, Bumla Pass is a must-visit destination for travelers seeking a mix of adventure, history, and peace amidst the awe-inspiring Himalayas.

Written by Omanso Tayang
Omanso, an avid backpacker with an engineering background from Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, returned to his home state after completing his education in Chennai & NERIST. Passionate about promoting the lesser-known destinations, Oman has traveled across most parts of Arunachal to find unique locations like Anini, Dong Valley, Namsai etc. When not exploring, Oman enjoys camping, trekking, dancing and going on culinary adventures. 

For a customized Tawang Arunachal Tour experience you can contact us at +91-7669503993 or email to contact@ourguest.in